Does your car recommend you use premium gas? Or if it doesn’t, when you’re pumping your regular gas, do you ever wonder if you would get a boost by paying for high-test? Or have you ever had an old-school car guy tell you that you need to run premium sometimes to clean out your gas tank?
There’s a lot of confusion out there about premium gas, what it’s good for, and who does or doesn’t need it. So, let’s clear things up.
Why Do Some Cars Use Premium Gas?
Some cars either recommend that you use premium gas or require it. Many cars will have a sticker inside the fuel door that tells you if it recommends or requires premium gas. You can always check your owner’s manual.
So why would you need premium gas? Cars that call for premium gas tend to either have high compression engines or forced induction (supercharging or turbocharging). That means that the fuel and air is under very high pressure in the combustion chamber. That’s one way to make a high-powered engine.
High compression and forced induction introduce their own complications. High pressure (along with heat building up in the engine) can cause the gas to combust before it should. We call these complications pre-ignition, detonation, or engine knocking. Knocking can cause damage to engine components, especially if it recurs over a long time. You can recognize knocking as a metal-on-metal “pinging” sound under the hood.
You may have noticed the different octane ratings on the fuel pump: usually numbers like 87 for regular, 89 for mid-grade, and 92 (or thereabouts) for premium. A higher octane rating means that the gas is less likely to pre-ignite.
Which Cars Require Premium Gas?
Now, let’s go back to that note in the owner’s manual or that sticker on the fuel door. Some cars will say premium is recommended; others will say it’s required. Generally, you’ll see it recommended for turbo engine cars like the Ford Fusion and some Audis, or big American V8s like in the Mustang, Challenger, Camaro or Corvette. Edmunds compiled a list of recent models that recommend premium.
Luxury cars like some BMWs and Jaguars, or highly tuned engines like in the Camaro ZL1 or Corvette Z06 are more likely to require premium gas. Again, Edmunds compiled a list of recent cars that require premium gas for you. These engines have the highest risk of knocking. If your car says it requires premium, then you really should use it.
What If Premium Gas Is Recommended and Not Required for My Car?
So, here’s the thing: modern engines usually have a device called a knock sensor. Just like its name says, it can detect pre-ignition. Your car’s computer can take the information from the knock sensor and adjust fuel and air to prevent knocking.
Manufacturers say the compensation from the knock sensor will reduce power and fuel efficiency. According to How Stuff Works, using regular rather than premium could result in about a half-second slower 0-60 time. Tests by AAA and Consumer Reports don’t seem to bear this out, though.
Consumer Reports tested regular in premium gas in the Acura TLX and Nissan Maxima, both of which recommend premium. They found no significant difference in fuel mileage or 0-60 time between fuels for each car.
AAA performed a similar test on an Audi A3, Cadillac Escalade, Ford F-150, Mustang GT, Jeep Renegade, and a Mazda Miata. They noticed on average fuel mileage was 2.7% better and horsepower was 1.4% greater with premium gas.
Manufacturers contacted by Consumer Reports and AAA noted that the difference might be greater under harsher conditions, like extreme heat or towing.
When you consider the rather modest increase in fuel efficiency, compared to the price difference (which can be up to $0.50 per gallon), you can save money by running regular.
Doesn’t Adding Premium Periodically Clean Out My Engine?
Some people say you should run premium periodically, even if your car calls for regular gas. They claim that the extra detergents and additives in premium fuel will help clean out your engine and prevent carbon deposits. According to Edmunds, premium gas used to have more detergents, but now all grades are basically the same in that regard.
Do Classic Cars Need Premium Gas?
Gas companies used lead as an anti-knock additive until the 1970s. If you have a classic car, the manufacturer probably designed it with leaded gas in mind. That means it might have knocking with regular gas. That being said, James Dunst, a mechanic and former AAA spokesman, says he’s never seen much problem running classic cars on modern gas:
“I did not hear one complaint about valve problems related to unleaded fuels, either through the event or my shop. As a matter of fact, most classic car owners I talked to said that plug life was longer because of the lack of deposits.”
If you do experience knocking in your classic, you can try higher octane gas. You can also purchase a lead additive, which may help.
Related Content
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Very good article. Just a couple things to add/clarify….
1. In addition to changing the air fuel mixture, the computer will also reduce the amount of timing advance to prevent pre-ignition. This provides the spark later better ensuring fuel burn rather than detonation.
2. We have burned unleaded premium fuel in various classic Pontiac engines. these engines were built anywhere from 1959 to 1967 and operated with compression ratios from 8.6 to 10.75. Many of those miles were before the engines were rebuilt, still no detonation as long as we used premium and made sure timing was at the manufacturer’s recommended setting. We did not note any other unusual wear to the fuel systems or valve trains when tearing them down.
3. on older vehicles always replace rubber hoses with more modern rubber hoses that are resistant to the detergents in the new formulations. New gas will literally eat old rubber hoses for lunch.
I have a 2007 Cadillac Escalade with that big very large engine. When I don’t use at least 89 and run 87 it pings when going up hills. When I use 89 or 91 it never pings. I will always use at least 89. Why not. The proof is in the pinging.
Thomas, I’d agree if 89 or 91 works go with it. On the other hand, the engine in your Cadillac should not ping. It is possible it has some carbon build up in it or maybe an issue with the Mass Air Flow Sensor or clogged Fuel injectors. Engines are designed to provide power up to a certain RPM. It is OK and actually GOOD to ocassionally run your engine, full throttle, under load up to redline. This will heat up and many times blow out deposits, and can help clean the injectors. I do this in a controlled manner. I usually do it on a highway on ramp when there is no traffic. When the road is straight and clear in front of me I floor it from about 35 MPH up to 65 MPH. This is good to do for a couple reasons. Like I said, it is some exercise for your engine and transmission, it will heat up and blow out some of the deposits if they exist. Additionally it is kind of like insurance. Would you rather your engine or transmission fail at full throttle on a highway with no traffic or when you need it to provide max power because you did not see that truck coming when you pulled out on the street? No engine that has oil and is decently maintained should blow because of an occasional “test.” I am not saying do it every time you get on the highway but a few times a year should do it. Lastly, everyone who drives should now what their car is capable of even if they never intend to “floor it.” It is far better to have a feel for your car so when you “floor it” you are not surprised by what it does, or does not do when you need it!
Another note about detergents – this IS more valuable and better for your car than just premium gas. You are doing more of a service to your vehicle running top tier regular than premium gas from an economy station.
Been taught a whole lot. Super easy to fully grasp. Nice one for sharing with us 🙂
As far as using a premium station versus economy, there’s usually no difference. They both get their gas supply from the same place. My only bad experience with poor gas, over my almost 50 years of driving was once at Esso (Exxon). I have seen the delivery truck go from the economy station to the premium station, which was located across the street.